Actor-turned-director Frank Whaley’s fourth feature is one of those low-budget chamber pieces—the title comes from a composition for string quartet—that plays more like a short story than a film. Jonathan Nossiter made a virtue out of that brand of minimalism with 1997’s Sunday, in which David Suchet and Lisa Harrow match each other measure for measure. But Like Sunday, Like Rain centers on a believable human being, Leighton Meester’s Eleanor, who is surrounded by literary constructs…